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FRE,FCS,FSL FrenchOn this page: Introduction | Faculty Members | Programs | Courses See also: Course Summer Timetable | Course Winter Timetable | Secondary School Information | More on Department IntroductionFrench studies in the University of Toronto provide varied and flexible approaches to one of the world's major international languages and the diversity of cultures expressed in it. The courses listed here fall into five main sequences: Literature, Linguistics, Translation, French as a Second Language, and French Culture. Through modular programming, students enjoy the freedom to concentrate or diversify their interests in these areas. The skills and knowledge acquired will lay the groundwork for careers in teaching, journalism, translation, publishing, and government service, as well as research in a variety of fields. Literature (FRE). A 100-level course situates French literature in a broader cultural context. 200-level courses introduce students to serious literary analysis and present Québécois literature in its cultural context. 300-level courses encompass the full range of major works of French and Québécois literature. 400-level courses raise questions about notions of literary tradition and mainstream methods of study: the scope of literature is stretched further back or ahead in time, further away in space from traditional centres (France and Québec) and away from dominant sensibilities (to include women's voices and non-traditional modes of writing); and connections are made to other disciplines. Linguistics (FRE). 200-level courses initiate students into serious analysis of contemporary French and into the history of its development. 300-level courses break the discipline of linguistic analysis into its chief component parts and students may see how linguistics is applied to their own learning or future teaching. 400-level courses extend the study of the French language back in time or out from the idealized standard form; and connections are made to other disciplines. Translation (FRE). Courses on French and English translation at the 300/400-level may be used in a Minor program that may be added to any other Minor, Major or Specialist program sponsored by the Department of French. Such courses are, however, not limited to students taking this program. Certification for this program should not be viewed as the equivalent to a professional diploma in translation but may stand students in good stead should they seek admission to such a program following graduation. French as a Second Language (FSL). For most appropriate entry level in the sequence, see preamble to FSL section below. The FSL program is designed to accommodate the widest possible range of previous learning, special needs, and particular interests of students. Emphasis is given to both written and spoken language; at higher levels, half-courses allow for specialized study of one or the other. A placement test will allow incoming students to work at the most suitable level to develop their skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking French. For students in Major and Specialist French programs, emphasis is on precise academic writing and speech approximating as closely as possible that of native speakers. For students not in Major and Specialist French programs, emphasis is on listening and reading skills in varying social and cultural contexts and on the acquisition of vocabulary in specific domains. French Cultural Studies (FCS). The Department of French also teaches courses on French and Francophone culture in English that will be of interest to students in other programs and has recently introduced a Minor program in French Cultural Studies. These courses may also be used to fulfil breadth requirements. Recent Additions: Two newly-created courses in the area of electronic communication are suitable adjuncts to all of the above sequences, as they point the way to the use of new technologies in teaching, learning and research. An introductory course, FRE 206H, deals with the use of French resources to be found on the Internet. An advanced seminar, FRE 406H, explores the nature and importance of international electronic communication in French. A new Minor Program in French on the Internet allows students to participate in new technological resources as they develop. Study Elsewhere. Completion of at least three courses in a French specialist program may entitle students to participate in the Third Year Study Elsewhere Program at either Laval University in Québec, or in France. For these full-year programs information meetings will be held in Rm. 224, 50 St. Joseph Street, on October 14, 1998 for general programs in France; on October 21, 1998 for Nantes, France; and on October 28, 1998 for Laval University. Meetings will also be held on summer immersion courses in Quebec on January 27, 1999 and on summer programs in France on March 3, 1999. For further counselling on these programs, contact the Study Elsewhere Advisor at 926-2310. Further Information. Students may receive counselling from the Academic Advisers in each of the College teaching centres, and from the departmental Undergraduate Brochure which contains more information about all the courses and programs listed below. Counselling: 50 St. Joseph St., Rm. 226 (926-2333) Enquiries: 50 St. Joseph St,. Rm. 210 (926-2302)
FRENCH PROGRAMSEnrolment in all French programs requires the completion of four courses. No minimum GPA required. NOTE: FSL181Y is the recommended first-year course for Specialist and Major programs in Language and Literature, and French Language and Linguistics; however, FSL161Y may be substituted with a minimum mark of 73%. FRENCH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE (B.A.)FRE 150Y and FSL 183H are also recommended. Students exempted from FSL 100-level courses may include FRE 150Y in place of FSL 181Y. Specialist program (Hon.B.A.): S12951 (10 full courses or their equivalent)
Major program Major program: M12951 (7 full courses or their equivalent)
FRENCH LITERATURE (B.A.)These programs are intended for students who are exempted from FSL courses up to and including FSL 382H and 383H. Specialist program (Hon.B.A.): S01451 (10 full courses or their equivalent normally including FRE 150Y)
Major program Major program: M01451 (7 full courses or their equivalent normally including FRE 150Y)
Minor program Minor program: R01451 (4 full courses or their equivalent normally including FRE 150Y)
Group B: FRE 319H, 320Y, 322Y, 330H, 356H, 362H, 363H, 400H, 420H, 433H Group C: FRE 324Y, 326Y, 330H, 331H, 349H, 357H, 358H, 364Y, 367H, 368H, 400H, 401H, 402H, 432H, 433H, 435H Group D: FRE 210Y, 310H, 312H, 314H, 315H, 317H, 434H, 437H FRENCH DRAMA (B.A.)FRE 150Y and FSL 183H, while not required, are also recommended. Students exempted from FSL 100-level courses may include FRE 150Y in place of FSL 181Y. Major program Major program: M01031 (7 full courses or their equivalent) NOTE: May be combined with the Major Program in Drama to produce a double major or Combined Specialist Program in "Drama and French"
Minor program Minor program: R01031 (4 full courses or their equivalent)
FRENCH LANGUAGE AND FRENCH LINGUISTICS (B.A.)FSL 183H, while not required, is recommended. Students exempted from FSL 100-level courses will normally include an additional FRE linguistics course in place of FSL 181Y. Specialist program (Hon.B.A.): S05251 (10 full courses or their equivalent)
Major program Major program: M05251 (7 full courses or their equivalent)
FRENCH LINGUISTICS (B.A.)These programs are intended for students who are exempted from FSL courses up to and including FSL 382H and 383H. Major program Major program: M02301 (7 full courses or their equivalent)
Minor program Minor program: R02301 (4 full courses or their equivalent)
SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING (FRENCH) (B.A.)Major program: M01201 (7 full courses or their equivalent)
FRENCH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (B.A.)Minor program: R05551 (4 full courses or their equivalent)
FRENCH TRANSLATION (B.A.)Minor program: R05851 (4 full courses or their equivalent as noted below)
FRENCH STUDIES (B.A.)Minor program: R11351 (4 full courses or their equivalent)
FRENCH CULTURAL STUDIES (B.A.)Minor program: R14751 (4 full courses or their equivalent) Any four FCS full course equivalents including at least one course at the 300/400-level. NOTE: For students meeting prerequisites set by other departments/programs, up to 1.5 courses from the following list may be substituted for FCS courses: FAH 275H, 313H, 335H, 365H, 378H, 400H, 401H, 403H, 406H; FRE 150Y, 190Y, 319H, 320Y, 322Y, 324Y, 326Y, 433H; HIS 349Y, 388Y; JEF 100Y; VIC 312Y NOTE: FCS courses are taught in English with reading and written assignments in English. No knowledge of French is required. However, students enroled in FCS courses who arrange to submit all written work and exams in French may petition the Department for credit towards Specialist or Major programs in French. FRENCH ON THE INTERNET (B.A.)Minor program: R06191 (4 full courses or their equivalent)
FRENCH COURSES(See Section 4 for Key to Course Descriptions)For Distribution Requirement purposes, all FCS, FRE, and FSL courses are classified as HUMANITIES courses. COURSES TAUGHT IN ENGLISH (see also FCS courses below)
JEF100Y An introduction to literature through major works of the Western literary tradition. What constitutes a literary "classic"? How have the great concerns of the Western tradition - human nature, its place in society, its mythmaking, its destiny - been represented in literature? These and other questions are examined by reference to 11-12 works by such authors as: Homer, Virgil, Ovid, Sophocles, Dante, Shakespeare, Cervantes, Molière, Kafka, Austen, Dostoevsky, Camus, Marquez and Beckett. (A joint course offered by the Departments of English and French; see also JEF 100Y in their program listings.)
HUM199Y Undergraduate seminars that focus on specific ideas, questions, phenomena or controversies, taught by a regular Faculty member deeply engaged in the discipline. Open only to newly admitted first year students. May serve as a breadth requirement course; see First Year Seminars: 199Y.
UNI202H
INI486H
VIC312Y FCS: FRENCH CULTURAL STUDIES COURSESFCS courses are taught in English with written and reading assignments also in English.
FCS195Y A multi-media course, analyzing the contributions the French have made to world culture in such domains as architecture, art, literature, and music, as well as some of the implications of the appropriation of French cultural icons by big business and the media.
FCS294H From Joan of Arc to Simone de Beauvoir and her feminist heirs, be they saints, seductresses, queens, witches or intellectuals, French women have alternately suffered from social changes and led them. A series of guest speakers provide careful analysis of a number of seminal texts and films. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FCS296H A multi-media course examining how the French today are changing and relating to the growing global culture, while still maintaining their characteristically strong identity. The course addresses current youth behaviour and issues using best-sellers, films, rock videos, network media, and current fashions. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FCS297H An examination of the historical, social and cultural status of French comic books ("bandes dessinees" or "BDs"), based on English translations of Asterix, Tintin and other contemporary works. Analysis of thematic and narrative structures compared with traditional genres (folktales, myths, plays, novels). (Not offered in 1998-99)
FCS298H From the ancient stories of the 1001 Nights to recent Paris fashion designers from the Orient, French culture has been exposed to Asian influences which have become part of the national fabric. This course explores some of these manifestations in literature, film and the arts.
FCS310Y Cinema in France with emphasis on theory and practical criticism, on auteurs and movements such as the avant-garde of the twenties and the New Wave of the late fifties. Films shown are subtitled.
FCS394H Crime and punishment, in the largest sense of both words, permeate French culture in controversial ways. This course considers how and why, through Hugo's Les Miserables, and Foucault's Discipline and Punish. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FCS395H An investigation of the French reputation for the systematic indulgence of all the senses, from the growth of sensuality-based industries and services to the discussion of works of high art and popular culture. Also focussing on elements of gender definition and exoticism within the cult of sensuality.
FCS396H An examination through the cinema and other media (advertising, for example) of how French culture can be adapted in America, and vice versa. Focus on the remake of French films by the Americans and the invasion of French cinema by American genres.
FCS397H An examination of French theory and practice of male and female homosexualities through the study of fiction and autobiographical texts by major writers ranging from Nobel Prize winners to a music hall performer and a jailbird.
FCS494H The French live in a visually heterogeneous world that is marked by strongly designed architectural forms, e.g. Gothic, Neoclassical, Postmodern. The course examines the impact of this constructed landscape on the institutions of recent and contemporary French life. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FCS495H This course focuses on the global influence of French language and culture, with particular attention paid to its social, political and cultural impact on Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The regional and social variations of the language and culture found in the many nations that make up the Francophone world are examined. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE: FRENCH LITERATURE COURSESNOTE Some half-courses at the 300/400-level have variable content and may not be offered every year. Please see the Department's Undergraduate brochure for more details.
FRE150Y Plays, poems, essays, and short fiction representative of major writers and literary movements from the Middle Ages to the 20th century, studied against a background of the social, political and cultural evolution of France: heroism and villainy, the sacred and profane, reason and sensitivity, idealism and realism, tradition and revolt.
FRE210Y A study of aspects of Québec culture: art, cinema, cuisine, language, literature and music, and their role in the evolution of a distinct society. This survey course familiarizes students with the socio-historical context and way of life of the Québécois in order to better understand and appreciate Québec literature.
FRE240Y Techniques of literary criticism and analysis, based on a detailed study of selected novels, drama, and poetry from the 17th century to the present.
FRE299Y Credit course for supervised participation in faculty research project. See Research Opportunity Program for details.
FRE310H A study of five representative Québec novels which are literary examples of the modernization of a distinctly rural society, with emphasis on historical and cultural considerations. Authors may include Aubert de Gaspé, Hémon, Guèvremont, Ringuet, and Roy. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE312H A study of five of the most significant Québec novels published during or dealing with the Quiet Revolution as examples of literary creations reflecting a society in the process of defining and liberating itself in the turbulent decade of the sixties. Authors may include Aquin, Bessette, Blais, Caron, Carrier, Jasmin, Paradis.
FRE314H
FRE315H A study of the characteristic themes and structures of Québec drama, the quest for social and individual identity, and the affirmation of a distinctly québécois theatrical expression in works by Gélinas, Dubé, and Tremblay. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE317H From the intimate plays of Marie Laberge to the multimedia explorations of Robert Lepage, Québec dramatists continue to experiment, often through metatheatrical devices, with various ways of communicating the search for self-understanding.
FRE319H A study of major writers of the 16th century, an age of poets, explorers and humanists. Texts by authors such as Rabelais, Ronsard and Montaigne.
FRE320Y Essential works of literature from the "Grand Siècle," including court poetry, plays by Corneille, Molière and Racine and some of the earliest narratives written for and by women, explored within the social framework of Europe's most highly refined cultural period.
FRE322Y The revolution in social, political, religious, and intellectual values which characterized the literature of the 18th century.
FRE324Y Romantic plays, poetry, and novels in France, from the revolution of 1789 to 1850. Origins of the movement and its later manifestations.
FRE326Y The origins and development of modernism in literature within the artistic and intellectual context of the avant-garde during the period 1860 to 1960.
FRE330H An introduction to the methods and problems of computer-assisted literary analysis, using selected French texts. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE331H Film adaptations of plays and fiction from the origins of cinema to the present time.
FRE349H
FRE356H Theatre as a mirror of the manners and ideas of 18th-century society. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE357H Lyrical, tragic, comic, farcical, heroic and iconoclastic plays from the 19th-century theatre in France.
FRE358H A methodological approach to 20th-century plays stressing their experimental features and implied theories of performance.
FRE362H The beginnings of the novel in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: experimenting with forms in a unique social context.
FRE363H The evolution, in the "siècle des lumières," of narrative techniques to describe a society in transformation: from Le Paysan parvenu to Les Liaisons dangereuses.
FRE364Y The ways in which such writers as Balzac, Stendhal, Flaubert, Maupassant, and Zola developed the techniques of the novel while exploring such themes as ambition, alienation, and class struggle.
FRE367H Prose fiction of the first half of the twentieth century including works by Proust, Gide, Malraux, and Bernanos. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE368H Problems of form and theme in selected novels by Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus, Alain Robbe-Grillet, and Michel Butor.
FRE400H This course consists of an investigation into the role played by women in French literature up to the First World War. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE401H Through their themes and textual strategies, the novels and essays studied reflect contemporary feminists' concern with equality and difference.
FRE402H An introduction to North African literature written in French by authors of mainly Islamic culture and tradition. The focus is on feminist issues and philosophies represented in their works with emphasis on the author's methodological approach.
FRE420H Major works characteristic of French culture up to 1500, including chivalry, courtly romance, and popular traditions; readings in the original and modern translations.
FRE432H Several approaches - literary, sociological, historical - to prose fiction written by women and men authors from North and South of the Sahara.
FRE433H Relations among literature, painting and music in France at various historical moments, but especially circa 1900.
FRE434H A study of works of modern Native authors representing the diversity of aboriginal cultures in Quebec.
FRE435H A course designed to introduce students to new conceptual frameworks for the analysis of novels and short stories.
FRE436H An advanced seminar on a specific aspect of French studies. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE437H A study of the chanson québécois of the last fifty years - historical development, dominant themes and major contributors. Through textual analysis and audiovisual presentations and discussions of authentic documents, this course focuses on the extraordinary phenomenon of the "chansonniers" and their literary, social, political and cultural role in the emergence of modern Québec.
FRENCH LINGUISTICS COURSES
FRE272Y A descriptive study of contemporary French: phonetics and phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Theoretical discussion in general linguistics.
FRE273Y The changes by which the Latin spoken in northern Gaul became today's French. Phonetic, morphological, syntactic and semantic evolution; regional, dialectical and social variations; the question of French in Canada; attitudes of writers, grammarians, and scholars; political and social history.
FRE277Y The relationship between spelling and pronunciation; the main features of the French phonetic system, including prosodic features (e.g. stress and intonation) with emphasis on oral reading.
FRE376H A study of the phonological system of modern French based on actual samples of speech taken from different regional varieties and socio-economic groups.
FRE378H A study of the distribution and relationships of the syntagmatic components of contemporary French, the sentential structure including the principles of coordination, subordination and expansion. Theoretical approaches.
FRE387H A study of the morphological system of modern French, its relationship to syntax and phonology; theoretical notions derived from the analysis of specific data.
FRE389H The dictionary considered as a tool for second language acquisition, and for translation. The types and methods of monolingual and bilingual dictionaries: variety of aims, structural complexity of lexicographical discourse, limits of the usefulness of the dictionary. Prerequisite: Any FRE 200-series linguistics or literature course
FRE471H Characteristic features of French phonology, grammar and vocabulary up to 1500; analysis of extracts from principal genres, periods and geographic areas.
FRE472H A descriptive study of contemporary Canadian-French varieties (lexicon, phonology, morphology and syntax) with a historical perspective. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FRE476H Various approaches to the notion of meaning; its functioning at all levels of representation.
FRE479H The relationship between language use and social factors such as socio-economic status, types of situation and gender of speaker; theoretical notions are derived through the analysis of specific data.
FRE489H An advanced seminar on a specific aspect of French linguistics. (Not offered in 1998-99)
TRANSLATION COURSES
FRE375Y A comparative study of the characteristics of French and English expression and how they pertain to the problems of translation.
FRE469H Lexical analysis and translation of texts in various specialized fields to develop and increase vocabulary.
FRE470H Lexical analysis and translation of texts in various specialized fields to develop and increase vocabulary.
FRE480Y Intensive translation from French to English. Texts are drawn from diverse fields: literature, business, economics, politics, science, art, and advertising.
FRE481Y Intensive translation from English to French. Texts are drawn from diverse fields: literature, business, economics, politics, science, art and advertising.
INDEPENDENT STUDY
FRE490Y An independent research paper on either a literary or linguistic topic to be proposed by the student and supervised by an instructor, culminating in a major research paper.
FRE491H/492H Independent Study A scholarly project supervised by a member of staff on a literary or linguistic topic of common interest including readings, discussions, and papers.
FRENCH LANGUAGE PRACTICE COURSESNOTE The following is a guide for first course selection: No knowledge of French (no secondary school studies beyond Grade 9 general): FSL100H Very limited knowledge of French (Grades 9 advanced or 10 maximum): FSL102H Intermediate knowledge of French (Grade 11 or old Grade 12): FSL121Y Secondary School graduation French-core program (OAC or Grade 13) and Extended French (OAC - Extended): FSL161Y/181Y/183H Immersion French (OAC - Immersion): FSL200-level French-language schooling: Consult Department NOTE The Department reserves the right to place students in the language course appropriate to their level of language skill. A placement test will be given to newly-admitted students in the following courses: FSL 102H, 121Y, 161Y, 181Y, 282H.
FSL100H An intensive basic course in spoken and written French: comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing.
FSL102H An intensive basic course in spoken and written French for students who have studied some French, but who have not yet attained the entry level for FSL121Y.
FSL121Y Written and spoken French, reinforcing oral/aural competence, reading comprehension, and writing skills.
FSL161Y Emphasis is placed on both reading and listening comprehension, expression, both written and oral, and self-instruction. Particularly recommended for students who wish to maintain and improve their general knowledge of French without wishing to specialize.
FSL181Y A variety of approaches to language learning, aimed at helping students develop their written and oral skills. Computer-assisted instruction and the language laboratory provide additional learning opportunities. Particularly recommended for students who wish to specialize or major in French.
FSL183H Through activities such as debates, interviews, and role-playing, students explore a variety of expressive possibilities of the French language. Audio-visual materials are used to improve listening comprehension.
FSL261Y Emphasis is placed on both reading and listening comprehension, expression, both written and oral, and self-instruction. Particularly intended for students who wish to maintain and improve their general knowledge of French without wishing to specialize.
FSL262Y Development of skills in practical French (reading, writing, listening, speaking) based on traditional media as well as on multimedia resources available in French, including those of the Internet.
FSL264Y Development of written and oral language skills and enrichment of vocabulary through readings, audio-visual material and discussions on a variety of topics related to International Relations. Designed primarily but not only for students enrolled in the International Relations Program.
FSL282H Improvement of writing and reading skills for students specializing in French studies. Analysis of written texts (vocabulary and structure), grammar, error analysis, and essay-writing.
FSL283H Improvement of listening and speaking skills for students specializing in French studies at the university: listening exercises, corrective pronunciation, oral practice, role plays.
FSL284Y A study of both oral and written French, based on modern French and Québec plays. Emphasis is put on speech, intonation, grammatical proficiency, and vocabulary. Although participation is expected from everyone, evaluation is not based on acting ability but on language acquisition.
FRE301H A study of vocabulary, grammar, and writing techniques involved in business situations (e.g. economics, industrial relations, marketing). This course is intended for francophones and near francophones. A similar course, FSL366H, exists for non-francophones. (Not offered in 1998-99)
FSL361Y Emphasis is placed on both reading and listening comprehension, expression, both written and oral, and self-instruction. Particularly intended for students who wish to maintain and improve their general knowledge of French without wishing to specialize.
FSL362Y An advanced course in practical French (reading, writing, listening, speaking), aimed at broadening understanding of the range of cultures and societies of the francophone world, based in part on multimedia resources available in French, including those of the Internet.
FSL366H A study of vocabulary, grammar and writing techniques involved in business situations, including cross-cultural transactions. Students may be introduced to business-oriented multimedia resources, including those of the Internet. A similar course, FRE 301H, exists for francophones or near-francophones.
FSL382H Consolidation of writing skills already acquired by students specializing in French studies, with emphasis on advanced writing techniques.
FSL383H Consolidation of oral skills already acquired by students specializing in French studies.
FSL461Y For students who wish to improve their general knowledge of French while specializing in other fields of study.
FSL462H Specific features of the language used in legal documents. This course is intended to familiarize students with juridical vocabulary and structures.
FSL463H Specific features of the language used in the courtroom, policy discussions and the media. Practical applications through classroom presentations, discussions, workshops and role-play.
FSL482H A course designed to diversify the student's ability to understand and write texts of various genres.
FSL483H Students receive advanced training in aural comprehension and in the production of the appropriate oral performance in a variety of situations.
OTHER FRENCH COURSES
FRE206H A non-technical introduction to the French-language Internet, given in French, open to francophones and non-francophones. The French Internet is studied as a tool destined to play an increasingly important role in research, education and the workplace. Students learn how to locate, record and exploit a variety of French Internet resources, utilising e-mail and online course-related materials.
FRE406H Through lectures, videoconferences with other universities and independent activities students explore the impact of new technologies on culture and society, and how these new media may change the ways we think, learn and communicate. Experts present their specialized cultural perspectives and on-line materials (Internet) are utilized.
SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING COURSES
JFI225Y A theoretical and practical consideration of the ways we learn a second language, with a historical overview and critical evaluation of the various methodologies that have been developed; the role of cultural studies in language learning; practical evaluation and development of syllabus, course and textbook materials.
FRE384H Since 1970 the term "communicative approach" has been used to refer to various ways of teaching and learning FSL. The aim of this course is to attempt to clarify the notions involved in the communicative approach and examine theoretical issues and pedagogical implications related to it.
FRE385H Analysis of bibliographical tools available for the selection of literary materials for the FSL classroom. Study of representative works of interest to young people such as novels, detective stories, cartoons, with special emphasis on socio-cultural aspects. Critical analysis of various pedagogical approaches. (Not offered in 1998-99)
NOTE See also FRE277Y, 406H 
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