Geography is the study of the environments created on the earth's surface
by nature and people. The physical and biological elements of these environments,
as well as their economic and social structure, historical development, spatial
organization, interrelationships, management and planning form the subject
matter of Geography. Geography, therefore, relates closely to other fields
in natural science, social science and the humanities, and geographers take
courses in these related fields along with their geography courses. Students
specializing in other subjects often select one or more geography courses
to deepen their understanding of the resource base, culture and economy of
those parts of the world in which they are interested.
Employment opportunities
for geographers exist in many branches of international organizations,
government, industry, and education. Geographers work at all levels of government
service,
especially in agencies responsible for environmental management; land and
resource analysis; development of historic districts and sites; urban transportation
planning; regional economic planning; trade promotion; geographic systems
design and data analysis; transport network design and the processing of
archival, survey, and cartographic information. In business, geographers
work in marketing, locational analysis, resource development, and in consulting
firms engaged in project evaluation and land use planning.
Students studying
Geography may take either an H.B.A. or H.B.Sc., depending upon the aspects
they wish to emphasize. The Department offers several Specialist, Major
and Minor Programs in Geography, cooperates in offering a combined program
with
Economics, shares with Botany and Zoology a program in Biogeography,
and contributes courses to various departmental and college programs including
American Studies; Anthropology; Archaeology; Canadian Studies and Peace
and Conflict Studies; Equity Studies; Division of the Environment; Environmental
Geosciences; Environmental Studies; and Urban Studies; Ethics, Society
and
Law and International Relations; and European Studies. Counselling and
advice may be obtained from the Undergraduate Coordinator or the Undergraduate
Counsellor.
Undergraduate Coordinator:
Professor A.M. Davis, Sidney Smith Hall, Room 5044 (416-978-5992)
Student Counsellor:
S. Calanza, Sidney Smith Hall, Room 5050 (416-978-6455)
General Enquiries:416-978-3375
Geography Programs
Enrolment in Minor, Major and Specialist programs sponsored by the Department
of Geography requires the completion of four
courses, including one of GGR100Y1, GGR107Y1, or GGR124Y1.
No minimum GPA required. Double majors in Geography must complete at least 13
different GGR/JAG/JFG/JGF/JGG/JGI/JUG credits (only 1.0 overlap). Students combining
any of our
Minor programs with a Specialist/Major program would normally be allowed to count
only 1.5 credits (of the 4.0 courses in the
Minor program) towards both programs.
Biogeography (Science program)
Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)
First Year:
1. BIO150Y1; GGR100Y1/JGF 150Y1/JGG 150Y1; (CHM138H1,CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1/(CSC108H1, CSC148H1)
2. At least one of: JMB170Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/PHY110Y1/PHY138Y1/PHY140Y1
Higher Years:
1. BOT251Y1/ZOO252Y1; GGR270H1/STA220H1
2. Two of: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1
3. ENV234Y1/two of BIO319H1, BIO321H1, BIO323H1, BIO324H1, BIO328H1
4. One full course equivalent from: BOT300H1, BOT307H1, BOT310H1; ZOO265Y1, ZOO304H1, ZOO309Y1, ZOO361H1, ZOO373H1, ZOO384H1, 387H1,ZOO389H1
5. GGR305H1, GGR310H1
6. Two full course equivalents from BIO/BOT/ZOO at the 300+ level
7. 1.5 full course equivalent from GGR at the 300+ level
Note:
Of the 3.5 courses from BIO/BOT/ZOO and GGR, 1.0 must be at the 400-level
Environment and Resource Management (Arts program)
Specialist program:
(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)
First Year:
One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)
Higher Years:
1. GGR233Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR391H1, GGR393H1
2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR409H1, GGR415H1, GGR418H1, GGR435H1, GGR450H1, GGR451H1, GGR492H1, GGR498H1, GGR499H1
3. One additional half course from Group B
4. 4.0 courses from: GGR220Y1, 239H1, GGR256H1, GGR305H1, GGR307H1, GGR310H1, GGR314H1, GGR331H1, GGR332H1, GGR333H1, GGR334H1, GGR335H1,GGR338H1, GGR340H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR344H1, GGR390H1, GGR409H1, GGR415H1, GGR418H1, GGR435H1, GGR439H1, GGR450H1, GGR451H1,
456H1; INI440Y1;
JFG 328H1, JFG470H1, JFG475H1; JUG320H1; JAG321H1.
Of the 4.0 courses, additional options include: up to 1.5 courses
from Group C; up to 1.0 courses from Group B; a second course from Group A.
Major program:
(7 full courses or their equivalent)
First Year:
One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)
Higher Years:
1. GGR233Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1
2. 4.0 courses from last option list in Specialist program above
Geography (Arts program)
Specialist program:
(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)
First Year:
One course from Group A
Higher Years:
1. GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR391H1/GGR392H1
2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR415H1, GGR418H1, GGR421H1, GGR431H1, GGR439H1, GGR446H1, GGR450H1, GGR451H1, GGR452H1, 455H1,GGR459H1, GGR492H1, GGR498H1, GGR499H1
3. One additional half course from Group B
4. 5.5 GGR/JAG/JFG/JGF/JGG/JGI/JUG courses with no more than one additional
course from Group A.
Major program:
(7 full courses or their equivalent)
Note: The general Geography major program is excluded from the arrangement
whereby students in a four-year degree may
take two major programs sponsored by the Department of Geography.
First Year:
One course from Group A
Higher Years:
1. GGR270H1, GGR271H1
2. 5.0 GGR/JAG/JFG/JGF/JGG/JGI/JUG courses of which at least 3.0 must be at the 300-400 level, and with no more than
one additional course from Group A
Minor program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)
1. One course only from Group A
2. Three other higher level GGR/JAG/JFG/JGF/JGG/JGI/JUG courses, including
at least one 300/400-series course
Geographic Information Systems (Arts program)
Note:
Students combining this program with a Specialist/Major sponsored by the
Department of Geography will normally be allowed
to count only 1.5 (of the 4.0) credits towards both programs.
Minor program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)
1. One course from Group A
2. GGR270H1, GGR272H1, GGR273H1, GGR373H1,
(GGR462H1/GGR473H1)
3. Another half GGR course from Group B
Geography and Economics - See Economics
Historical and Cultural Geography (Arts program)
Specialist program:
(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)
First Year:
One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)
Higher Years:
1. GGR240Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR392H1
2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR421H1, GGR439H1, GGR446H1, GGR492H1, GGR499H1
3. One additional half course from Group B
4. 4.5 courses from: GGR216H1, 239H1, GGR246H1, GGR249H1, GGR254H1, GGR336H1, GGR340H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR344H1, 347H1, 348H1,GGR361H1, GGR362H1, GGR363H1, GGR364H1, GGR366H1, GGR368H1, GGR421H1, GGR439H1, GGR446H1; JUG320H1; JAG321H1.
Of the 4.5 courses,
additional options include up to 1.0 courses from Group B and a second course
from Group A.
Major program:
(7 full courses or their equivalent)
First Year:
One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)
Higher Years:
1. GGR240Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1
2. 4.0 courses from last option list in Specialist program above
Physical and Environmental Geography (Science program)
Specialist program:
(12.5 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)
First Year:
1. One course from Group A (GGR100Y1 strongly recommended)
2. MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/PHY110Y1/PHY138Y1/PHY140Y1
3. One course from: BIO150Y1/CHM 137Y1/(CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1
Higher Years:
4. Three of: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1
5. GGR270H1, GGR272H1, GGR390H1, GGR391H1, GGR404H1
6. GGR491Y1/two of GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR498H1
7. One additional half-course from Group B
8. 4.0 courses from: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1, GGR301H1, GGR302H1, GGR303H1, GGR305H1, GGR307H1, GGR310H1, GGR312H1, GGR314H1,GGR330H1, GGR333H1, GGR337H1, GGR404H1, 402H1, GGR403H1, GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR490H1.
Of the 3.0 courses, additional options include up to
1.0 courses from Group B.
Major program:
(7.5 full courses or their equivalent)
First Year:
1. One course from Group A (GGR100Y1 strongly recommended)
2. One course from: BIO150Y1/CHM 137Y1/(CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/PHY110Y1/ PHY138Y1/ PHY140Y1
Higher Years:
1. Three of: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1
2. GGR270H1, GGR390H1, GGR404H1
3. 2.5 courses from last option list in Specialist program above
Minor Program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)
1. GGR100Y1/JGG 150Y1/JGF 150Y1
2. One full course or equivalent from: GGR201H1/GGR203H1/GGR205H1/GGR206H1
3. GGR390H1; (GGR301H1/GGR302H1/GGR305H1);
(GGR272H1/GGR307H1/GGR310H1/GGR312H1)
4. A half-course from Group C
Urban, Economic and Social Geography (Arts program)
Specialist program:
(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)
First Year:
One course from Group A (GGR124Y1 recommended)
Higher Years:
1. GGR220Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR391H1
2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR431H1, GGR439H1, GGR450H1, GGR452H1, 455H1, GGR459H1, GGR492H1, GGR499H1, JFG470H1
3. One additional half-course from Group B
4. 4.5 courses from: GGR216H1, GGR233Y1, 239H1, GGR246H1, GGR249H1, GGR252H1, GGR254H1, GGR256H1, GGR323H1, GGR324H1, GGR326H1, GGR327H1,GGR328H1, GGR333H1, GGR334H1, GGR336H1, GGR339H1, GR340H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR344H1, 347H1, 348H1, GGR357H1, GGR361H1, GGR362H1, GGR363H1,GGR366H1, GGR368H1, GGR431H1, 436H1, GGR439H1, GGR450H1, GGR452H1, 455H1, 456H1, GGR459H1; JFG470H1, JFG475H1; JGI346H1.
Of the 4.5
courses, additional options include up to 1.0 courses from Group B and a second
course from Group A.
Major program:
(7 full courses or their equivalent)
First Year:
One course from Group A (GGR124Y1 recommended)
Higher Years:
1. GGR220Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1
2. 4.0 courses from last option list in Specialist program above
Group A:
GGR100Y1, GGR107Y1, GGR124Y1, JGF 150Y1/JGG 150Y1
Group B:
GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR273H1, GGR337H1, GGR371H1, GGR373H1, GGR390H1, GGR391H1, GGR392H1, GGR393H1, GGR462H1, 464H1, GGR473H1, GGR480Y1,
GGR490H1; JFG470H1, JFG475H1
Group C:
ENV236Y1; GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1, GGR301H1, GGR302H1, GGR303H1, GGR305H1, GGR307H1, GGR310H1, GGR314H1, 402H1, GGR403H1,
GGR404H1, GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR490H1
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