Introduction

Zoology, an exciting and rapidly expanding field, is the study of all animal (including human) life. Zoologists have traditionally made important contributions to society's knowledge of the natural world. Important breakthroughs include our understanding of heredity and how genes operate, and the concept of evolution with its implications for how we and other species have originated and why animals look and behave as they do. Zoology in the future will continue to contribute new insights into the workings of nature, and this dynamic scientific field is thus an opportune area for fresh minds to seek training and careers.

Zoological research helps us to understand human problems associated with population growth, disease, radiation hazards, and pollution. Medical and behavioural studies often depend on discoveries made with other animals. Zoology contributes to applied fields such as veterinary medicine, pest control, and management of fish, wildlife, and natural areas. It also deals with the study of the systematics and biodiversity of animals.
Zoology is a diverse field of study. It may be divided into many specialized areas, some based on groups such as protozoa, insects, fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds and mammals, and others based on levels of organization or methods of study, such as molecular biology, cell biology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, behaviour, ecology, population biology and evolution. Because of this diversity, there is no shortage of interesting and challenging topics of study.

Careers in Zoology are diverse and numerous. They include teaching at all levels of education - schools, colleges and universities -throughout the world. Many Zoologists are also employed by government departments, agricultural institutes, medical laboratories, resource industries, environmental consulting companies, pharmaceutical laboratories and publishing companies. Although many of the careers require only specialization in Zoology at the undergraduate level, others require advanced degrees (M Sc or Ph D) in this area.

It is important that students wishing to pursue Programs in Zoology or jointly sponsored programs seek counselling. Some students may wish to take programs that include Zoology courses, or take courses in other departments. For example, a student with broad interests in Ecology may wish to take courses in Botany, Environmental studies (ENV, INI), Geography or Forestry. To insure that you receive proper advice and enrol in the most suitable courses, the Undergraduate Office in Zoology should be consulted.

Associate Chair (Undergraduate Affairs):
Professor J.D. Rising

Student Counselling and Enquiries:
Ramsay Wright Zoological Laboratories, Room 019 (416-978-2084/8879)

Zoology Programs

Developmental Biology: see Biology

Ecology: see Biology

Evolutionary Biology: see Biology

Neuroscience: see Neuroscience

Zoology (Science program)

Note
Students in these Programs are encouraged to notify the Department annually of their course selections, beginning in the Second Year.
Enrolment in the Specialist, Major and Minor programs listed below requires completion of four courses; no minimum GPA is required.

Specialist program:
(12.5 or 13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

1. BIO150Y1, BIO250Y1, BIO260H1/HMB265H1 (BIO260H1 is recommended), ZOO252Y1
2. (CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1
3. JMB170Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT136Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 (MAT135Y1 may be required for certain courses)
4. (CHM220H1, CHM247H1)/CHM249H1/ (PSY201H1, PSY202H1)/STA220H1, (STA221H1/JBS229H1)/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
5. (CHM220H1, CHM247H1)/CHM249H1/ MAT235Y1/MAT237Y1/PHY110Y1/PHY138Y1/PSY100Y1/(PSY201H1, PSY202H1)/STA220H1, (STA221H1/(JBS229H1)/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
6. 5.5 courses from ANT 428H1, 433H1, ANT436H1, BIO, ENV234Y1, HMB321H1, HPS323H1, HPS333H1, JZP, MGY312H1, ZOO (except ZOO200Y1, ZOO214Y1, ZOO215H1) containing at least 78 hours of lab (field courses are equivalent to 52P). Of the 5.5 courses at least three must be at the 300+ level and one at the 400-level.

Major program:
(7.5 or 8 full courses or their equivalent)

1. BIO150Y1, BIO250Y1, ZOO252Y1
2. (CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1
3. (CHM220H1, CHM247H1)/CHM249H1/ JMB170Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT136Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1/(PSY201H1, PSY202H1)/STA220H1, (STA221H1/JBS229H1)/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
4. Any other three courses in BIO, ENV234Y1, HMB321H1, HPS323H1, HPS333H1, JZP, MGY312H1, ZOO (except ZOO200Y1, ZOO214Y1, ZOO215H1). At least two courses must be at the 300+ level.

Minor program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)

1. BIO150Y1
2. BIO250Y1/ZOO252Y1
3. Any two other courses from BIO, ENV234Y1, HMB321H1, HPS323H1, HPS333H1, JZP, MGY312H1, ZOO (except ZOO200Y1, ZOO214Y1, ZOO215H1). One course must be at the 300+ level.

Behaviour (Science program)

Students wishing to take PSY courses to fulfill the requirements of this program should take PSY100Y1. To take additional PSY courses, students must be enroled in a PSY program or have obtained a minimum of 70% in PSY100Y1.

Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

First Year: BIO150Y1; (CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1; JMB170Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT136Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1

Higher Years:
1. BIO250Y1, BIO260H1/HMB265H1 (BIO260H1 is recommended); (PSY290H1, PSY391H1)/ZOO252Y1
2. ZOO322H1
3. (PSY201H1, PSY202H1)/STA220H1, (STA221H1/JBS229H1)/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
4. BIO323H1, BIO324H1;
BIO302H1/BIO303H1/BIO305H1/BIO306H1/BIO307H1/BIO308H1/
ZOO304H1/ZOO309Y1/ZOO360H1/ZOO361H1; BIO494Y1/BIO495Y1/BIO496Y1
5. 3.5 courses from ANT 428H1, 433H1, ANT436H1, BIO, ENV234Y1, HMB321H1, HPS323H1, HPS333H1, JZP, PSY (except PSY 200H1), ZOO (except ZOO200Y1, ZOO214Y1, ZOO215H1), 1.5 of which must be at the 300+ level. JZP326H1, JZP428H1; PSY260H1, PSY280H1, PSY362H1, 369Y1, PSY390H1, PSY392H1, PSY393H1, PSY396H1, PSY399H1, PSY460H1, PSY490H1; ZOO433H1, ZOO362H1 are recommended for this program.

Comparative Animal Physiology (Science program)

Specialist program:
(13 or 13.5 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

First Year
BIO150Y1; (CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1; JMB170Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1; PHY110Y1/PHY138Y1/PHY140Y1

Higher Years:
1. BIO250Y1, BIO260H1/HMB265H1 (BIO260H1 is recommended); (CHM220H1, CHM247H1)/CHM249H1; ZOO252Y1
2. STA220H1
3. BCH210H1
4. JZP326H1; ZOO325H1, ZOO332H1, ZOO344H1, ZOO346H1, ZOO347H1
5. ZOO485Y1
6. One full course equivalent from: BOT251Y1/BCH370H1/BIO349H1/JZP428H1/PSL302Y1/PSL372H1/ZOO498Y1