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PHY Physics Courses SCI199Y1 Undergraduate seminar that focuses on specific ideas,
questions, phenomena or controversies, taught by a regular Faculty member deeply engaged
in the discipline. Open only to newly admitted first year students. It may serve as a
distribution requirement course; see page 44. PHY100H1 In 1905 Einstein presented the first of a quartet of papers
which revolutionized our understanding of gravity. He commented: "Hardly anyone who
has truly understood this theory will be able to resist being captivated by its
magic." The general theory of relativity is not the only physics theory which is
magical, and Einstein was not physics' only magician. We uncover the magic of the
classical and the quantum world courtesy of Kepler, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, Heisenberg
and others. Topics include planetary motion, chaos, the nature of light, Schrodinger's
cat, time travel, black holes, and quarks. No mathematics is required, and any necessary
elementary classical physics is reviewed. PHY100H is primarily intended as a Science Distribution
Requirement course for students in the Humanities and Social Sciences. First Year Laboratory PHY110Y1 Designed for students who do not intend to take more than one
course in Physics, but who wish to acquire a working knowledge of basic physics needed in
other areas of science. The course is offered at a level similar to OAC Physics. Students
in other disciplines who wish some exposure to the methods and excitement of modern
physics should consider either PHY100H or JPU200Y. (See "NOTE" after PHY100H giving description of laboratory) PHY110Y can be taken as a Science course for Distribution
Requirement purposes Physics for the Life Sciences I 52L, 39P, 26T PHY140Y1 The first physics course in many of the Specialist and Major
Programs in Physical Sciences. It provides an introduction to the concepts, approaches and
tools the physicist uses to describe the physical world while laying the foundation for
classical and modern mechanics. Topics include: the motion of single particles and rigid,
extended bodies (Newtonian Mechanics); planetary motion, gravitational collapse; black
holes: Special Relativity and an introduction to elementary particle physics; the
description of large numbers, e.g., a gas of weakly interacting particles (Statistical
Mechanics); the breakdown of Newtonian mechanics in the microscopic world; introduction to
Quantum Mechanics, wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle. Students take the
Physics Specialist Laboratory in alternating weeks. The first component consists of
dynamics and mechanics experiments in our new micro-computer based laboratory. The second
component consists of a free choice experiments chosen from a list of basic experimental
techniques, standard and classic experiments. JPU200Y1 A general, non-mathematical introduction to many of the most
interesting concepts of physics with an emphasis on modern physics, intended primarily for
non-science students. It focuses on basic changes in our view of the universe that are
needed to accommodate important discoveries of 20th-century Physics, and introduces some
of the striking parallels to ideas of Eastern mysticism. Topics include Newtonian physics,
space-time, relativity, black holes, quantum physics, chaos, origin and fate of the
universe. The relationship of physics to linguistics, the humanities and the social
sciences is also discussed. (Given by the Department of Physics and University College)
This course entails the writing of essays and written tests. PHY225H1 The 2nd year Physics Laboratory. Topics including
experimental techniques, instrumentation, and data analysis are introduced through
experiments, complementary lectures, and library research of some of the great experiments
of physics. ENV235Y1 (see "Division of the Environment") 52L PHY238Y1 Electromagnetism; biological effects of radiation; physical
optics; macroscopic phenomena; heat engines and metabolism. Examples are taken, where
applicable, from the life sciences. PHY251H1 Point charges; Coulomb's inverse square law; electrostatic
field and potential; Gauss' law; conductors; magnetostatistics; Ampere's law; Biot-Savart
law; dielectric and magnetic materials; electrostatic and magnetostatic energy; Lorentz
force; time varying fields; Faraday's law; Maxwell's equations. PHY252H1 The quantum statistical basis of macroscopic systems;
definition of entropy in terms of the number of accessible states of a many particle
system leading to simple expressions for absolute temperature, the canonical distribution,
and the laws of thermodynamics. Specific effects of quantum statistics at high densities
and low temperatures. PHY255H1 Complex notation; free, damped and forced vibrations;
resonance; AC circuits; coupled oscillators; normal modes; travelling waves; simple
harmonic wave; wave equation; wave impedance; transverse and longitudinal waves; flow of
energy in waves; reflection and transmission at interfaces; group and phase velocity;
Fourier series and Fourier transforms. PHY256H1 Failures of classical physics; Stern-Gerlach effect; harmonic
oscillator; uncertainty principle; interference packets; scattering and tunnelling in
one-dimension. PHY299Y1
JBO302Y1 Principles of Human Physiology with tutorials on the
biophysical concepts applied to physiological processes. A course fee of $7.00 is required
and is payable with tuition. JPA305H1 Introduction to methods for remote sensing of buried
archaeological remains, dating, and analysis of ancient materials. Application of methods
and interpretation of results in archaeological contexts. (Offered in alternate years)
(Given by the Departments of Physics and Anthropology) JPA310H1 Introduction to the principles behind archaeometric methods
for remote sensing, dating, and analysis of archaeological materials, and interpretation
of results. Offered in conjunction with JPA305H.
(Offered in alternate years) (Given by the Departments of Physics and Anthropology) PHY305H1 The laboratory functions as an integrated lecture
course/laboratory program. PHY307H1 Problem solving using Mathematica; introductory exercises;
the physical pendulum, integration methods; the heat equation, finite difference methods;
coupled spin systems, Monte Carlo methods; visualization and the statistical analysis of
experimental data. PHY308H1 The analysis of digital sequences; filters; the Fourier
Transform; windows; truncation effects; aliasing; auto and cross-correlation; stochastic
processes, power spectra; least squares filtering; application to real data series and
experimental design. PHY309H1 Classic quantum mechanics problems are explored using Maple
computer algebra and graphics. These include bound state and scattering problems in 1D,
angular momentum and spin, commutator algebra, scattering in 3D abd time dependent
processes. General techniques for computer-aided problem solving are developed. PHY315H1 The role of radiation in the generation, maintenance and
evolution of planetary atmospheres and climate: Radiation laws, absorption and emission.
Simple radiative exchange processes and atmospheric models. Energy balance. Radiation and
climatic change. Comparative radiation studies in planetary atmospheres. Pollution and
man-made effects. PHY325Y1/326H1 Experiments in this course are designed to form a bridge to
current experimental research. A wide range of experiments are available using
contemporary techniques and equipment. In addition to the standard set of experiments a
limited number of research projects are also available. The laboratory is open from 9 a.m.
- 5 p.m., Monday to Friday. PHY341H1 Complex nature of the scientific method; inter-connection
between theory, concepts and experimental data; characteristics of premature pathological
and pseudo-science; public misunderstanding of scientific method; reasons for current
anti-science mood; end of Golden Era of Science; insufficiency of reductionism; trends in
modern science. PHY342H1 Topics of current prominence in the physical sciences and
mathematics are discussed. Topics change each year as the sciences evolve. Appropriate
topics might include: high-temperature superconductivity, cosmology, chaos and non-linear
dymanics. PHY346H1 Linear systems analysis; transport in biological systems;
control of the oculomotor system; electrical properties of nerves and membrane.
Introduction to chaos in biological systems. PHY351H1 Symmetry and conservation laws, stability and instability,
generalized co-ordinates, Hamilton's principle, Hamilton's equations, phase space,
Liouville's theorem, canonical transformations, Poisson brackets, Noether's theorem. PHY352H1 Review of vector calculus, transformation properties of
vectors, electrostatics, basic formulae of magnetostatics, electromagnetic plane waves,
special theory of relativity, development of the equations of electrodynamics from the
Einstein principle of relativity and the laws of electrostatics. PHY353H1 Review of Maxwell's equations; waves in free space; waves in
dielectric and conductive materials, skin effect; waves in dispersive media: polarization
phenomena; Fresnel equations; reflection and refraction from an interface; Brewster angle,
total internal reflection; interference, coherence effects; interferometers; Fraunhofer
and Fresnel diffraction; waveguides, optical fibres, radiation. PHY355H1 The general structure of wave mechanics; eigenfunctions and
eigenvalues; operators; orbital angular momentum; spherical harmonics; central potential;
separation of variables; hydrogen atom; Dirac notation; operator methods; harmonic
oscillator and spin. PHY357H1 The subatomic particles; nuclei, baryons and mesons, quarks,
leptons and bosons; the structure of nuclei and hadronic matter; symmetries and
conservation laws; fundamental forces and interactions, electromagnetic, weak, and strong;
a selection of other topics, CP violation, nuclear models, standard model, proton decay,
supergravity, nuclear and particle astrophysics. This course is not a prerequisite for any
PHY 400-level course. PHY358H1 Variational principle; fine and hyperfine structure of the
hydrogen atom; the helium atom; exchange terms; coupling schemes; Hund's rules; simple
molecules; ortho and para states; bonding and antibonding orbitals; rotation and vibration
of molecules; crystal binding; electron in a periodic potential; reciprocal lattice;
Bloch's theorem; Kronig-Penney model and energy bands; metals, semiconductors and
insulators; Fermi surfaces; chemical potential. This course is not a prerequisite for any
PHY 400-level course. PHY359H1 Designed for students interested in the physics of the Earth
and the planets. Study of the Earth as a unified dynamic system; determination of internal
divisions in the planet; development and evolution of the Earth's large scale surface
features (plate tectonics, plate loading and flexure) age and thermal history of the
planet; Earth's gravitational field and the concept of isostasy; mantel theology; geodetic
measurement techniques, in particular modern space-based techniques. PHY371Y1/372H1 TBA PHY398H0/399Y0
JPA400Y1 An introduction to research in archaeometry and
archaeological prospecting. Possible projects: magnetic and resistivity surveying of
archaeological sites; thermoluminescence measurements; neutron activation analysis and
x-ray fluorescence analysis of artifacts; radiocarbon dating by atom counting; lead
isotope analysis. (Offered in alternate years) (Given by the Departments of Physics and
Anthropology) PHY406H1 The laboratory functions as an integrated lecture
course/laboratory program. PHY407H1 Problem solving using Mathematica; introductory exercises;
the physical pendulum, integration methods; the heat equation, finite difference methods;
coupled spin systems, Monte Carlo methods; visualization and the statistical analysis of
experimental data. PHY408H1 The analysis of digital sequences; filters; the Fourier
Transform; windows; truncation effects; aliasing; auto and cross-correlation; stochastic
processes; power spectra; least squares filtering; application to real data series and
experimental design. PHY409H1 Classic quantum mechanics problems are explored using Maple
computer algebra and graphics. These include bound state and scattering problems in 1D,
angular momentum and spin, variational methods, scattering in 3D and time dependent
processes. General techniques for computer-aided problem solving are developed. PHY425Y1/426H1 Experiments in this course are designed to form a bridge to
current experimental research. A wide range of experiments are available using
contemporary techniques and equipment. In addition to the standard set of experiments and
limited number of research projects are also available. The laboratory is a continuation
of PHY325Y and is open from 9:00am. - 5:00pm, Monday to
Friday. JGP438H1 An introduction to the geophysical exploration of the
subsurface. Topics covered include gravity, seismic, magnetic, electrical and
electromagnetic surveying and their application in prospecting, hydrogeology, and
environmental assessments. This course is intended primarily for geology students. PHY445H1 The mathematical, physical and engineering basis for medical
imaging is introduced by combining the mathematical description of linear systems with the
physics of imaging systems utilizing x-rays, gamma-rays, ultrasound, and magnetic
resonance techniques. Three student labs are held in the imaging research laboratories at
Sunnybrook Hospital. Students not in a physics specialist program should consult the
coordinator about the recommended background. PHY457H1 Quantum dynamics in Heisenberg and Schrodinger Pictures;
Coherent States, Electron in a Magnetic Field; Symmetries in Quantum Mechanics; WKB
Approximation, Rayleigh-Schrodinger and Brillouin-Wigner Perturbation Theory; Time
Dependent Perturbation Theory, Fermi's Golden Rule; Absorption and Emission of Light from
Atoms; Variational Techniques; Scattering Theory, Green's Functions, Lippman-Schwinger
Equation, Partial Wave Analysis. PHY459H1 Thermal equilibrium and temperature; entropy; phase
transitions; third law; chemical rotation; Navier-Stokes equation; static and dynamic
equilibria; sound waves; static stability and internal gravity; waves; vorticity and
turbulence. PHY460H1 Nonlinear oscillator; nonlinear differential equations and
fixed point analysis; stability and bifurcation; Fourier spectrum; Poincare sections;
attractors and aperiodic attractors; KAM theorem; logistic maps and chaos;
characterization of chaotic attractors; Benard-Rayleigh convection; Lorenz system. PHY471Y1/472H1 TBA PHY478H1/479Y1 TBA PHY480H1 Topics include: classical and quantum statistical mechanics
of noninteracting systems; the statistical basis of thermodynamics, ensembles, partition
function, thermodynamic equilibrium, stability and fluctuations, formulation of quantum
statistics, theory of simple gases, ideal bose and fermi systems. PHY482H1 Topics include: the origin and implications of symmetry in
physics; the basic language of group theory; discrete groups and matrix groups; groups of
physical transformations; the representation of groups; tensor operators and the
Wigner-Eckart theorem; Lie groups. Applications to some of the following: crystal
symmetries; electronic bands in crystals; vibrations of molecules; SU(2) and SU(3) in
particle and nuclear physics. PHY483H1 Basis to Einstein's theory: differential geometry, tensor
analysis, gravitational physics leading to General Relativity. Theory starting from
solutions of Fchwarzchild, Kerr, etc. PHY484H1 Applications of General Relativity to Astrophysics and
Cosmology. Introduction to black holes, large scale structure of the universe. PHY485H1 Lasers, and the interaction of light with matter. In addition
to the semiclassical theory of the laser, linear and nonlinear optical elements ranging
from optical resonators to acousto-optic modulators, along with a survey of laser types
and their applications are discussed. A number of modern topics from quantum optics,
including laser cooling, squeezed light and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen effect are also
considered. PHY486H1 Introduction to quantum electrodynamics, quantization of the
electromagnetic field; semiclassical picture of atom-radiation field interaction, Einstein
coefficients, laser theory from the Einstein rate equations; resonance interaction of
light with two-level atoms, optical solution propagation, coherent and squeezed states of
light, quantum theory of atom-radiation field interactions, radiative decay and the lamb
shift, photonic band gap materials and quantum theory of the laser. PHY487H1 Introduction to the concepts used in the modern treatment of
solids. The student is assumed to be familiar with elementary quantum mechanics. Topics
include: crystal structure, the reciprocal lattice, crystal binding, the free electron
model, electrons in periodic potential, lattice vibrations, electrons and holes,
semiconductors, metals. PHY488H1 Introduction to quantum field theory and elementary particle
physics. Topics include: canonical quantization, symmetries and conservation laws,
S-matrix expansion, Feynman diagrams, Dirac equation, gauge invariance, quantum
electrodynamics and, if time permits, an introduction to nonabelian gauge theories and
weak interactions. PHY489H1 This course surveys the experimental basis and theoretical
framework of the "Standard Model" of Particle Physics and its possible
extensions. Topics include the standard electroweak model, scattering and parton
distributions, strong interactions and quantum chromodynamics. PHY491H1 Review of conventional, textbook quantum mechanics. Formal
measurement theory and wave function collapse; quantum states and nonseparability,
violation of local casuality, Bell theorems, "quantum tricks", decoherence and
the emergence of classical behaviour. Hidden variables, deBroglie-Bohm theory and
generalizations; many-worlds interpretation and other theories of "beables".
Consistent histories approach of Omnes and Gell-Mann and Hartle; nature of
"True" and "Reliable" statements. PHY493H1 This course covers wavefield and ray approximation methods
for imaging the interior of the Earth using seismology. PHY494H1 How to investigate Earth structure at depths ranging from
meters to tens of kilometers using gravity, magnetic, electrical, electromagnetic and
nuclear geophysical methods. Current methodologies and the theoretical basis for them are
presented. PHY495H1 This course deals with the numerical analysis of data
associated with space geodesy, earthquake seismology, geomagnetism and palaeomagnetism,
isotope geochronology, as well as numerical simulations of a wide variety of geodynamic
processes (e.g. mantle convection, post-glacial rebound, Earth tides). PHY496H1 A laboratory course (with introductory lectures) dealing with
physical methods for exploring Earth structure; i.e., seismic, gravity, magnetic,
electrical, electromagnetic, and nuclear methods. It is designed to give "hands
on" experience with the techniques of geophysical data analysis as well as data
acquisition. PHY497H1 Topics include: the equations of classical hydrodynamics:
conservation of mass, momentum, and energy; Bernoulli's theorem; Ertel's theorem;
nondimensional analysis, dynamics of stratifield flow: static stability; convection; shear
flow instability and the Miles-Howard theorem; internal gravity waves; gravity wave drag
and Eliassen-Palm theorem; introduction to dynamics of rotating, stratified flow and
baroclinic instability. PHY498H1 Topics include: thermodynamics of water substances in the
atmosphere; nucleation of liquid water in water vapour and condensation nuclei; nucleation
of the ice phase and ice nuclei; growth of cloud droplets and ice particles; initiation of
precipitation particles; precipitation processes; role of clouds in atmospheric
circulations; effects of latent heat release in PV distribution; concept of CISK; examples
of CISK driven systems. PHY499H1 Topics include: review of radiation; satellite orbits; scanning geometries; visible, microwave, and infra-red techniques; remote sounding; the inverse problem; discussions of selected satellite missions. |
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