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Economics is a social science that encompasses a broad range of human behaviour and has a strong influence on the structure, well-being and development of a society.
Much of human activity is directed towards the satisfaction of material wants.
In many areas of the world, the greater part of human effort must be directed
towards meeting the most elemental demands for food, clothing, and shelter. Even
in technologically advanced societies, where these basic requirements can be
met with comparative ease, the desire for more goods and services never appears
to be fully satisfied. In consequence, every society - regardless of whether
it is capitalist, socialist, or communist in political orientation - is both
competitive and cooperative. It is competitive because its members contend with
one another to satisfy their individual wants from a limited supply of productive
resources. It is cooperative because the greatest supply of goods is available
when the activity of producing them is coordinated and organized. Economics deals
with any issue arising out of the conflict between the demand for goods and services,
and a limited supply of resources to satisfy those demands.
Undergraduate training
in economics is intended to familiarize students with the discipline of economic
thinking, and to equip them for intelligent appraisal of contemporary economic
problems. It is also intended to make students aware of the nature of economic
science, and of the directions in which economic theory is moving.
Economic theory now makes considerable use of mathematics in some of its
enquiries. A student who chooses to specialize in economics should take at
least one basic course in mathematics. More such courses may be taken, and
several economics courses draw on mathematical analysis.
Because of advances in economic theory, an undergraduate degree is
not sufficient to become a professional economist. For this or other reasons,
graduate work
may be necessary. Students who wish to do graduate work should seek advice
from the Department concerning their choice of courses.
Undergraduate Administrator:
R. Innes
Undergraduate Assistant: D. Navarro
Commerce Assistant: J. Fan
Enquiries: 150 St. George Street (416-978-4603)
Economics Programs
Enrolment in Economics programs is based on grades in ECO100Y1,
completion of MAT133Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a minimum CGPA (please read entry requirements for each program carefully).
Consult the Registration Handbook & Timetable for details.
Economic History (Arts program)
Enrolment in the Economic History Programs is limited to students with
67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
Major program
(6 full courses or their equivalent)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1; ECO429Y1
2. Two full Economic History courses from: ECO301Y1, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1
Minor program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)
1. ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
2. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1
3. One full Economic History course from: ECO301Y1, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1, ECO429Y1
NOTE:
Students enrolled in the Minor Program in Economic History cannot be enrolled
in any other Minor, Major, Specialist or Joint Specialist Economics
program.
Economics (Arts program)
Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least ONE 400-series course)
Enrolment in the Specialist Program is limited to students with 70% in ECO100Y1,
and 63% in MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/, or 60% in MAT135Y1 or 55% in MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1, and a CGPA of 2.3.
First Year:
ECO100Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO206Y1, ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1(70%)/ECO227Y1/(STA257H1, STA261H1), ECO325H1, ECO326H1, ECO375H1, ECO429Y1
2. One full course in Economic History from: ECO301Y1, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1
3. 4.5 full additional 300+ series ECO courses (cannot be in Economic History)
4. NOTES:
(a) Strongly recommended: ECO376H1;
(b) MAT223H1/MAT240H1 is
strongly recommended as preparation for ECO375H1. Students taking one of these MAT courses can have it count in lieu of one
hALF 300+ ECO credit required for this program;
(c) (MAT235Y1/MAT237Y1)/ECO210H1 is
strongly recommended for this program. Students taking one of these courses
can have it count in lieu of one hALF 300+ credit required for this program;
(d) STA302H1/STA303H1 is
not accepted in lieu of ECO375H1 for this program;
(e) (STA250H1,STA255H1)
are not accepted in lieu of (ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1)/(STA257H1,STA261H1)
Major program:
(7 full courses or their equivalent)
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO204Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1/ECO209Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
2. Two full additional 300+ series ECO courses (cannot be in Economic History)
NOTE: Students in the Major program in Economics cannot be enrolled in the Minor program in Environmental Economics.
Minor program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
1. ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
2. ECO200Y1/ECO204Y1/ECO206Y1
3. One full 300+ series ECO course (cannot be in Economic History)
NOTE:
Students enrolled in the Minor Program in Economic History cannot be enrolled
in any other Minor, Major, Specialist or Joint Specialist Economics
program.
Finance & Economics (B.Com.) - See Rotman Commerce
Environmental Economics - See Centre for Environment
Financial Economics (Science program)
Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least ONE 400-series full
course)
Application to this program is limited to students with 70% in ECO100Y1/100Y5,
63% in MAT133Y1/133Y5 or 60% in MAT134Y5/MAT135Y1/135Y5 or 55% in MAT137Y1/138Y5, 70% in ECO206Y1/206Y5, 70% in ECO208Y1/208Y5, 70% in ECO227Y1/227Y5/(STA257H1,STA261H1)/(STA257H5,261H5), completion of at least 8.0 credits and a CGPA of 3.3. This
is a limited enrolment program. Students enrolled in this program cannot
simultaneously be enrolled in any other Economics specialist, joint specialist,
major or minor program in Economics, or in Economic History or in the
B.Com program.
NOTE – Some required courses may be offered only
on the St. George or on the University of Toronto Mississauga campus in
any given year.
Students registered in this program at either campus may have to attend lectures
on the other campus in such cases.
First Year:
ECO100Y1/100Y5, MAT132Y5/MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/133Y5/134Y5/MAT135Y1/135Y5/MAT137Y1/138Y5/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO206Y1/206Y5
2. ECO208Y1/208Y5
3. ECO227Y1/227Y5/(STA257H1,STA261H1)/(257H5,258H5/261H5)
4. ECO325H1/325H5, ECO326H1/326H5
5. (ECO375H1,ECO376H1)/327Y5
6. ECO358H1/358H5, ECO359H1/359H5
7. 5 additional full 300+ ECO credits or their equivalent, of which at least
1.0 must be chosen from ECO349H5, ECO356H1, ECO456H1, ECO460H5, ECO461H1/461H5, ECO462H1, ECO463H5. Not more than one full credit may be in Economic History.
8. NOTES:
(a) Strongly recommended: ECO376H1;
(b) MAT222H5/MAT223H1/223H5/224H5/MAT240H1 is
strongly recommended as preparation for ECO375H1. Students taking one of these MAT courses can have it count in lieu of one
hALF 300+ ECO credit required for this program;
(c) (MAT232H5/233H5/MAT235Y1/MAT237Y1/248Y5)/ECO210H1 is
strongly recommended for this program. Students taking one of these courses
can have it count in lieu of one hALF 300+ credit required for this program;
(d) STA302H1STA303H1/302H5/331H5
is not accepted in lieu of ECO327Y5/ECO375H1/ECO376H1 for this program;
(e) (STA250H1,STA255H1)
are not accepted in lieu of (ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1)/(STA257H1,STA261H1)
Economics and Computer Science (Science program) - See Computer Science
Economics and Geography (Arts program)
Consult Undergraduate Coordinator, Department of Geography.
Enrolment in this
program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
Specialist program:
(14 full courses or their equivalent, including at least ONE 400-series full
course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1; GGR100H1/GGR101H1/GGR107H1/GGR124H1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO333Y1; GGR220H1, GGR221H1
2. ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
3. 2.5 courses from: GGR222Y1, GGR249H1, GGR252H1, GGR254H1, GGR323H1, GGR332H1, GGR333H1, GGR334H1, GGR339H1, GGR344H1, 347H, GGR356H1, GGR358H1, GGR374H1, GGR418H1, GGR438H1, JGE347H1, JGI346H1, other choices from 5. and 6. below
4. Two full 300+ ECO courses
5. One of GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR273H1, GGR371H1, GGR373H1, GGR462H1, GGR473H1
6. GGR491Y1/two of GGR416H1, GGR431H1, GGR458H1, GGR499H1, JFG470H1
Economics & Mathematics (Science program)
Consult Professor N.A. Derzko, Department of Mathematics, or Undergraduate
Secretary, Department of Economics.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 70% in ECO100Y1,
55% in MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.3.
Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least ONE 400-series full course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1; MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Second Year:
ECO206Y1, ECO208Y1, ECO227Y1/(STA257H1,STA261H1); (MAT223H1/MAT240H1,MAT237Y1,MAT246H1)/MAT257Y1
Second or Third Year:
APM236H; MAT244H1/MAT267H1
Third Year:
MAT315H1/MAT337H1/(MAT327H1,MAT357H1) (MAT357H1 may be taken in Fourth Year)
Third or Fourth Year:
1. APM462H; ECO325H1/ECO326H1
2. Two full 300+series ECO courses
3. One full course from: MAT309H1/MAT315H1/MAT334H1/MAT337H1/MAT344H1/MAT363H1/MAT464H1/ANY
400-series MAT course/anotHER 300+level STA course, subject to the approval
of the advisors.
Economics & Philosophy (Arts program)
Consult the Undergraduate Coordinator, Department of Philosophy.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
Specialist program:
(15 full courses or their equivalent, including at least ONE 400-series full course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/ (STA250H1,STA255H1)/(STA257H1,STA261H1), ECO429Y1
2. Two additional full ECO courses
3. PHL265H1/PHL275H1, PHL273H1/PHL295H1, PHL323H1/PHL365H1/PHL394H1/PHL395H1
4. Additional PHL courses to a total of seven
Note:
At least four 300+ series courses must be completed for this program.
Economics & Political Science (Arts program)
Consult Director of Undergraduate Studies, Department of Political Science.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0. Students must also meet the requirements of the Political
Science Department (see the Political Science listings).
Specialist program:
(15 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one full 400-series course)
NOTE: The 15 courses must include 8 in ECO, two of which must be 300+ series; and 7 in POL or JPE, including ONE 300+ series course and ONE 400-series course. At least one POL course must be in the area of Canadian politics.
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1; POL103Y1/POL105Y1/POL108Y1/POL214Y1
Higher Years:
1. POL200Y1
2. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1), ECO429Y1
3. One full course in Economic History from: ECO301Y1, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1
4. One additional full 300+ ECO course (cannot be in Economic History)
5. One full course from any of the following three fields in Political Science (see Departmental web site for breakdown of courses into fields):
Comparative Politics (Developing)
Comparative Politics (Industrial)
International Relations
6. One full course equivalent from: POL 401, 408, 409, 418, 435, 439, 447, 458, 463, 472, 474, 475, 476, 477, 488, 489, JPF 455, JPJ 494
7. Three additional courses in POL or JPE
Economics & Sociology (Arts program)
Consult Undergraduate Secretary, Department of Economics.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or 80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0. Students must have 65% in SOC101Y1, and 70% in each of SOC200H1, SOC202H1, SOC203Y1, AND204H. Students must also have completed 8 full courses and be enrolled in the Sociology Major program.
Specialist program:
(15 full courses or their equivalent, including at least ONE 400-series course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1; SOC101Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/SOC300H1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
2. SOC200H1, SOC202H1, SOC203Y1, SOC204H1, SOC376H1, SOC377H1, SOC387H1, SOC401Y1
3. Two of the following pairs of courses: ECO321Y1 & SOC220Y1; ECO310Y1 & SOC317Y1; ECO333Y1 & SOC205Y1; ECO339Y1 & SOC207Y1/SOC370Y1; ECO340H1 plus a second ECO half-course & SOC301Y1; either one full ECO course at the 300+ level or two 300+ level half ECO courses & SOC312Y1
Note: At least four 300+ series courses must be completed for this program
Economics & Statistics (Science program)
Consult Undergraduate Secretary, Department of Economics.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 70% in ECO100Y1,
55% in MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.3.
Specialist program:
(14 full courses or their equivalent, including at least ONE 400-series full course)
First Year:
CSC148H1/CSC150H1/CSC260H1; ECO100Y1; MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Second Year:
ECO206Y1, ECO208Y1; MAT223H1/MAT240H1, MAT237Y1; ECO227Y1/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
Third Year:
1. ECO325H1, ECO326H1, ECO375H1, ECO376H1; STA347H1
2. One full 300+ series ECO course
3. STA352Y1
Fourth Year:
1. ECO416H1/ECO418H1
2. A 300+ series ECO half-course
3. STA437H1, STA457H1; one STA half-course from STA414H1/STA422H1/STA442H1/STA447H1
4. One additional half-course from ACT335H/MAT244H1/MAT267H1/a 300+ series ECO or STA half-course |