Economics is a social science that encompasses a broad range of human behaviour
and has a strong influence on the structure, well-being and development of
a society.
Much of human activity is directed towards the satisfaction of
material wants. In many areas of the world, the greater part of human
effort must be directed towards meeting the most elemental demands for food,
clothing,
and shelter. Even in technologically advanced societies, where these
basic requirements can be met with comparative ease, the desire for more
goods
and services never appears to be fully satisfied. In consequence, every
society - regardless of whether it is capitalist, socialist, or communist
in political
orientation - is both competitive and cooperative. It is competitive
because its members contend with one another to satisfy their individual
wants from
a limited supply of productive resources. It is cooperative because the
greatest supply of goods is available when the activity of producing them
is coordinated
and organized. Economics deals with any issue arising out of the conflict
between the demand for goods and services, and a limited supply of resources
to satisfy those demands.
Undergraduate training in economics is intended to familiarize students
with the discipline of economic thinking, and to equip them for intelligent
appraisal of contemporary economic problems. It is also intended to
make students aware of the nature of economic science, and of the directions
in which economic theory is moving.
Economic theory now makes considerable use of mathematics in some
of its enquiries. A student who chooses to specialize in economics should
take at least one basic course in mathematics. More such courses
may
be taken, and several economics courses draw on mathematical analysis.
Because of advances in economic theory, an undergraduate degree is
not sufficient to become a professional economist. For this or
other reasons,
graduate work may be necessary. Students who wish to do graduate
work should seek advice from the Department concerning their choice
of courses.
Undergraduate Administrator: R. Innes
Commerce Assistant: J. Fan
Enquiries: 100 St. George Street, 4th floor (416-978-4603)
Economics Programs
Enrolment in Economics programs is based on grades in ECO100Y1,
completion of MAT133Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a minimum CGPA (please read entry requirements for each program carefully).
Consult the Registration Handbook & Timetable for details.
Economic History (Arts program)
Enrolment in the Economic History Programs is limited to students with
67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
Major program
(6 full courses or their equivalent)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1
2. Three full Economic History courses from: ECO 301Y, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1, ECO429Y1, ECO435H1
Minor program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)
1. ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
2. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1
3. One full Economic History course from: ECO 301Y, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1, ECO429Y1, ECO435H1
NOTE:
Students enrolled in the Minor Program in Economic History cannot be enrolled
in the Minor Program in Economics or in the Minor Program in Environmental
Economics.
Economics (Arts program)
Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series
course)
Enrolment in the Specialist Program is limited to students with 70%
in ECO100Y1, and 63% in MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/, or 60% in MAT135Y1 or 55% in MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1, and a CGPA of 2.3.
First Year:
ECO100Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO206Y1, ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1(70%)/ECO227Y1/(STA257H1, STA261H1), ECO325H1, ECO326H1, ECO375H1, ECO429Y1
2. One full course in Economic History from: ECO301Y, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1, ECO435H1
3. 4.5 full additional 300+ series ECO courses (cannot be in Economic History)
4. NOTES:(a) Strongly recommended: ECO376H1;(b) MAT223H1/MAT240H1 is strongly recommended as preparation for ECO375H1. Students taking one of these MAT courses can have it count in lieu of one half 300+ ECO credit required for this program;(c) Additional recommended preparation: MAT235Y1/MAT237Y1/ECO210H1
Major program:
(7 full courses or their equivalent)
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO204Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1/ECO209Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
2. Two full additional 300+ series ECO courses (cannot be in Economic History)
NOTE: Students in the Major program in Economics cannot be enrolled in
the Minor program in Environmental Economics.
Minor program:
(4 full courses or their equivalent)
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
1. ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
2. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1
3. One full 300+ series ECO course (cannot be in Economic History)
NOTE:
Students enrolled in the Minor Program in Economics cannot be enrolled
in the Minor Program in Economic History or in the Minor Program in Environmental
Economics.
Finance & Economics (B.Com.) - See Commerce
Economics (Quantitative Methods) (Science program)
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 70% in ECO100Y1,
and 55% in MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1, and a CGPA of 2.3.
Specialist program:
(12 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series
full course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1; MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. APM236H1/(CSC165H1,CSC236H1)/CSC240H1/CSC263H1
2. ECO206Y1, ECO208Y1, ECO325H1, ECO326H1, ECO375H1
3. MAT223H1/MAT240H1, MAT235Y1/MAT237Y1
4. ECO220Y1(70%)/ECO227Y1/(STA257H1,STA261H1)
5. One full course from Group A and 2.5 full courses from A or B (for a total of 3.5):
Group A:
ECO376H1,ECO416H1, ECO418H1; APM236H1, APM462H1; CSC148H1,
(CSC165H1, CSC236H1)/CSC240H1, CSC207H1, CSC260H1, CSC263H1, CSC336H1/CSC350H1, CSC354H1, CSC363H1/CSC365H1, CSC373H1/CSC375H1, MAT315H1, MAT337H1; STA322H1, STA352Y1, STA414H1, STA422H1, STA447H1, STA457H1
Group B:
Any 300+ series ECO courses
Note:
At least twelve full courses, including at least four full 300+ series courses
must be completed for this program.
Financial Economics (Science program)
Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series
full course)
Application to this program is limited to students with 70% in ECO100Y1/100Y5,
63% in MAT133Y1/133Y5 or 60% in MAT134Y5/MAT135Y1/135Y5 or 55% in MAT137Y1/138Y5, 70% in ECO206Y1/206Y5, 70% in ECO208Y1/208Y5, 70% in ECO227Y1/227Y5/(STA257H1,STA261H1)/(STA257H5,261H5), completion of at least 8.0 credits and a CGPA of 3.3. This
is a limited enrolment program. Students enrolled in this program cannot
simultaneously be enrolled in any other Economics specialist, joint specialist,
major or minor program in Economics, or in Economic History or in the
B.Com program.
NOTE Some required courses may be offered only
on the St. George or on the University of Toronto Mississauga campus in
any given year.
Students registered in this program at either campus may have to attend lectures
on the other campus in such cases.
First Year:
ECO100Y1/100Y5, MAT132Y5/MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/133Y5/134Y5/MAT135Y1/135Y5/MAT137Y1/138Y5/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO206Y1/206Y5
2. ECO208Y1/208Y5
3. ECO227Y1/227Y5/(STA257H1,STA261H1)/(257H5,258H5/261H5)
4. ECO325H1/325H5, ECO326H1/326H5
5. (ECO375H1,ECO376H1)*/327Y5*
6. ECO358H1/358H5, ECO359H1/359H5
7. 5 additional full 300+ ECO credits or their equivalent, of which at least 1.0 must be chosen from ECO329H1/349H5, ECO356H1, ECO456H1, ECO460H5, ECO461H1/461H5, ECO462H1, ECO463H5. Not more than one full credit may be in Economic History.
* MAT222H5/MAT223H1/MAT240H1/248Y5
is strongly recommended as preparation for ECO375H1/327Y5. Students taking one of these MAT courses can count that course in lieu
of one half or a full 300+ ECO credit required for this program
Economics and
Computer Science (Science program) - See Computer Science
Economics and Geography (Arts program)
Consult Undergraduate Coordinator, Department of Geography.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
Specialist program:
(14 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series full course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1; GGR100H1/GGR101H1/GGR107H1/GGR124H1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO333Y1; GGR220H1, GGR221H1
2. ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
3. 2.5 courses from: JGE221Y1, JGE347H1, GGR249H1, GGR252H1, GGR254H1, GGR256H1, GGR323H1, GGR324H1, GGR332H1, GGR333H1, GGR334H1, GGR344H1, GGR357H1, 436H, JGI346H1, other choices from 5. and 6. below
4. Two full 300+ ECO courses including at least one of ECO313H1, ECO314H1, ECO425H1
5. One of GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR273H1, GGR371H1, GGR373H1, GGR462H1, GGR473H1
6. GGR491Y1/two of GGR415H1, GGR431H1, GGR450H1, GGR458H1, 459H, GGR499H1, JFG470H1
Economics & Mathematics (Science program)
Consult Professor N.A. Derzko, Department of Mathematics, or Undergraduate
Secretary, Department of Economics.
Enrolment in this program is limited to
students with 70% in ECO100Y1,
55% in MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.3.
Specialist program:
(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series full
course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1; MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Second Year:
ECO206Y1, ECO208Y1, ECO227Y1/(STA257H1,STA261H1); (MAT223H1/MAT240H1,MAT237Y1,MAT246H1)/MAT257Y1
Second or Third Year:
APM236H1; MAT244H1/MAT267H1
Third Year:
MAT315H1/MAT337H1/(MAT327H1,MAT357H1) (MAT357H1 may be taken in Fourth Year)
Third or Fourth Year:
1. APM462H1; ECO325H1/ECO326H1
2. Two full 300+series ECO courses
3. One full course from: MAT309H1/MAT315H1/MAT334H1/MAT337H1/MAT344H1/MAT363H1/MAT464H1/any 400-series MAT course/another 300+level STA course, subject to the approval
of the advisors.
Economics & Philosophy (Arts program)
Consult the Undergraduate Coordinator, Department of Philosophy.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0.
Specialist program:
(15 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series full course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/ (STA250H1,STA255H1)/(STA257H1,STA261H1), ECO429Y1
2. Two additional full ECO courses
3. PHL265H1/PHL275H1, PHL273H1/PHL295H1, PHL323H1/PHL365H1/PHL394H1/PHL395H1
4. Additional PHL courses to a total of seven
Note:
At least four 300+ series courses must be completed for this program.
Economics & Political
Science (Arts program)
Consult Director of Undergraduate Studies, Department of Political Science.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0. Students must also meet the requirements of the Political
Science Department (see the Political Science listings).
Specialist program:
(15 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one full 400-series
course)
NOTE: The 15 courses must include 8 in ECO, two of which must be 300+
series; and 7 in POL or JPE, including one 300+ series course and one 400-series
course. At least one POL course must be in the area of Canadian politics.
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1; POL103Y1/POL105Y1/POL108Y1/POL214Y1
Higher Years:
1. POL200Y1
2. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1), ECO429Y1
3. One full course in Economic History from: ECO 301Y, ECO302H1, ECO303Y1, ECO307H1, ECO308H1, ECO309H1, ECO321Y1, ECO342Y1, ECO353Y1, ECO354H1, ECO355H1, ECO423H1, ECO435H1
4. One additional full 300+ ECO course (cannot be in Economic History)
5. One full course from any of the following three fields in Political Science (see Departmental Handbook for breakdown of courses into fields): Comparative Politics (Developing)Comparative Politics (Industrial)International Relations
6. One full course equivalent from: POL 401, 408, 409, 418, 435, 439, 447, 458, 463, 472, 474, 475, 476, 477, 488, 489, JPF 455, JPJ 494
7. Three additional courses in POL or JPE
Economics & Sociology (Arts program)
Consult Undergraduate Secretary, Department of Economics.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 67% in ECO100Y1 or
80% in ECO105Y1, MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.0. Students must have 65% in SOC101Y1, and 70% in each of SOC200H1, SOC202H1, SOC203Y1, and SOC204H1. Students must also have completed 8 full courses and be enrolled in the Sociology
Major program.
Specialist program:
(15 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series
course)
First Year:
ECO100Y1/ECO105Y1; MAT133Y1/(MAT123H1,MAT124H1)/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1; SOC101Y1
Higher Years:
1. ECO200Y1/ECO206Y1, ECO202Y1/ECO208Y1, ECO220Y1/ECO227Y1/SOC300H1/(STA250H1, STA255H1)/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
2. SOC200H1, SOC202H1, SOC203Y1, SOC204H1, SOC376H1, SOC377H1, SOC387H1, SOC401Y1
3. Two of the following pairs of courses: ECO321Y1 & SOC220Y1; ECO310Y1 & SOC317Y1; ECO333Y1 & SOC205Y1; ECO339Y1 & SOC207Y1/SOC370Y1; ECO340H1 plus a second ECO half-course & SOC301Y1; ECO425H1 plus a second ECO half-course & SOC312Y1
Note: At least four 300+ series courses must be completed for this program
Economics & Statistics (Science program)
Consult Undergraduate Secretary, Department of Economics.
Enrolment in this program is limited to students with 70% in ECO100Y1,
55% in MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1 and a CGPA of 2.3.
Specialist program:
(14 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series full
course)
First Year:
CSC148H1/CSC150H1/CSC260H1; ECO100Y1; MAT137Y1/MAT157Y1
Second Year:
ECO206Y1, ECO208Y1; MAT223H1/MAT240H1, MAT237Y1; ECO227Y1/(STA257H1, STA261H1)
Third Year:
1. ECO325H1, ECO326H1, ECO375H1, ECO376H1; STA347H1
2. One full 300+ series ECO course
3. STA352Y1
Fourth Year:
1. ECO416H1/ECO418H1
2. A 300+ series ECO half-course
3. STA437H1, STA457H1; one STA half-course from STA414H1/STA422H1/STA442H1/STA447H1
4. One additional half-course from ACT 335H/MAT244H1/MAT267H1/a 300+ series ECO or STA half-course
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