Geography

See also: Faculty Members | Course Descriptions | Course Winter Timetable |

Introduction

Employment opportunities for geographers exist in many branches of international organizations, government, industry, and education. Geographers work at all levels of government service, especially in agencies responsible for environmental management; land and resource analysis; development of historic districts and sites; urban transportation planning; regional economic planning; trade promotion; geographic systems design and data analysis; transport network design and the processing of archival, survey, and cartographic information. In business, geographers work in marketing, locational analysis, resource development, and in consulting firms engaged in project evaluation, land use planning and natural heritage conservation.

Students studying Geography may take either an H.B.A. or H.B.Sc., depending upon the aspects they wish to emphasize. The Department offers several Specialist, Major and Minor Programs in Geography, cooperates in offering a combined program with Economics, shares with Ecology and Evolutionary Biology a program in Biogeography, and contributes courses to various departmental and college programs including American Studies; Anthropology; Archaeology; Canadian Studies and Peace and Conflict Studies; Equity Studies; Centre for Environment; Environmental Geosciences; and Urban Studies; Ethics, Society and Law and International Relations; and European Studies. Counselling and advice may be obtained from the Undergraduate Coordinator or the Undergraduate Counsellor.

Undergraduate Coordinator:Professor D. Harvey, Sidney Smith Hall, Room 5032 (416-978-1588)

Student Counsellor:S. Calanza, Sidney Smith Hall, Room 5050 (416-978-6455)

General Enquiries:416-978-3375

Geography Programs

Enrolment in Minor, Major and Specialist programs sponsored by the Department of Geography requires the completion of four courses, including one of GGR100Y1, GGR107Y1, or GGR124Y1.Entry requirements to all Specialist programs is a CGPA of 2.5. Entry requirements for all Major programs is a CGPA of 2.0 or 67% in 1.0 GGR FCE at the 100 or 200 level. Double majors in Geography must complete at least 13 different GGR/JAG/JFG/JGF/JGI/JUG/JEG credits (only 1.0 overlap). Students combining any of our Minor programs with a Specialist/Major program would normally be allowed to count only 1.5 credits (of the 4.0 courses in the Minor program) towards both programs.

Note

The general Geography major program is excluded from the arrangement whereby students in a four-year degree may take two major programs sponsored by the Department of Geography.

Biogeography (Science program)

Specialist program:

(13 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

Entry Requirements:Students must have a CGPA of 2.5

First Year:

1. BIO150Y1; GGR100Y1; (CHM138H1,CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1/(CSC108H1, CSC148H1)

2. At least one of: JMB170Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/PHY110Y1/PHY138Y1/PHY140Y1

Higher Years:

1. Two of: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1

2. BOT 251Y1/ZOO 252Y1; GGR270H1/STA220H1

3. ENV234Y1/two of BIO 319H1, 321H1, 323H1, 324H1, 328H1

4. One full course equivalent from: BOT 300H1, 307H1, 310H1; ZOO 265Y1, 304H1, 309Y1, 361H1, 373H1, 384H1, 387H1, 389H1

5. GGR305H1, GGR310H1

6. Two full course equivalents from BIO/BOT/ZOO at the 300+ level

7. 1.5 full course equivalent from GGR at the 300+ level

Note:

Of the 3.5 courses from BIO/BOT/ZOO and GGR, 1.0 must be at the 400-level

Environment and Resource Management (Arts program)

Specialist program:

(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

Entry Requirements:Students must have a CGPA of 2.5

First Year:

One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)

Higher Years:

1. GGR233Y1/JGE221Y1; GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR393H1

2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR409H1, GGR415H1, GGR418H1, GGR450H1, GGR451H1, GGR492H1, GGR498H1, GGR499H1

3. One additional half course from Group B

4. 4.5 courses from: GGR220Y1, GGR256H1, GGR305H1, GGR307H1, GGR314H1, GGR331H1, GGR332H1, GGR333H1, GGR334H1, GGR335H1, GGR338H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR390H1, GGR391H1, GGR409H1, GGR415H1, GGR418H1, GGR421H1, GGR439H1, GGR450H1, GGR451H1, 456H1/ENV236Y1/ENV440Y1/JUG320H1/ JAG321H1. Of the 4.5 courses, additional options include: up to 1.5 courses from Group C; up to 1.0 courses from Group B/a second course from Group A.

Major program:

(7 full courses or their equivalent)

Note:

The general Geography major program is excluded from the arrangement whereby students in a four-year degree may take two major programs sponsored by the Department of Geography

Entry Requirements:

Students must have a CGPA of 2.0 or obtain 67% in 1.0 GGR FCE at the 100 or 200 level

First Year:

One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)

Higher Years:

1. GGR233Y1/JGE221Y1; GGR270H1, GGR271H1

2. 4.0 courses from last option list in Specialist program above

Geography (Arts program)

Specialist program:

(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.5

First Year:

One course from Group A

Higher Years:

1. GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1

2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR415H1, GGR418H1, GGR431H1, GGR439H1, 446H1, GGR450H1, GGR451H1, GGR452H1,GGR457H1, GGR458H1, GGR459H1, GGR492H1, GGR498H1, GGR499H1

3. One additional half course from Group B

4. 6.0 GGR/JAG/JFG/JGF/JGI/JUG/JGE/ENV236Y1 courses with no more than one additional course from Group A.

Major program:

(7 full courses or their equivalent)

Note:

The general Geography major program is excluded from the arrangement whereby students in a four-year degree may take two major programs sponsored by the Department of Geography.

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.0 or obtain 67% in 1.0 GGR FCE at the 100 or 200 level

First Year:

One course from Group A

Higher Years:

1. GGR270H1, GGR271H1

2. 5.0 GGR/JAG/JFG/JGF/JGI/JUG/JGE/ENV236Y1 courses of which at least 3.0 must be at the 300-400 level, and with no more than one additional course from Group A

Minor program:

(4 full courses or their equivalent)

1. One course only from Group A

2. Three other higher level GGR/JAG/JFG/JGI/JUG/JGE/ENV236Y1 courses, including at least one 300/400-series course

Geographic Information Systems (Arts program)

Note:

Students combining this program with a Specialist/Major sponsored by the Department of Geography will normally be allowed to count only 1.5 (of the 4.0) credits towards both programs.

Minor program:

(4 full courses or their equivalent)

1. One course from Group A

2. GGR270H1, GGR272H1, GGR273H1, GGR373H1

3. One half course from GGR462H1, GGR473H1

4. One of GGR337H1, GGR371H1, GGR413H1, GGR462H1, GGR473H1, JFG470H1, JFG475H1

Geography and Economics - See Economics

Historical and Cultural Geography (Arts program)

Specialist program:

(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.5

First Year:

One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)

Higher Years:

1. GGR240H1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR391H1

2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR421H1, GGR439H1, GGR457H1, GGR492H1, GGR499H1

3. One additional half course from Group B

4. 5.5 courses from: GGR216H1, 239H1, GGR246H1, GGR249H1, GGR254H1, GGR336H1, 340H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR344H1, 347H1, 348H1, GGR350H1, GGR360H1, GGR361H1, GGR362H1, GGR363H1, 364H1, GGR366H1, GGR368H1, GGR391H1, GGR421H1, GGR439H1; JUG320H1; JAG321H1. Of the 5.5 courses, additional options include up to 1.0 courses from Group B and a second course from Group A.

Major program:

(7 full courses or their equivalent)

Note:

The general Geography major program is excluded from the arrangement whereby students in a four-year degree may take two major programs sponsored by the Department of Geography

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.0 or obtain 67% in 1.0 GGR FCE at the 100 or 200 level

First Year:

One course from Group A (GGR107Y1 recommended)

Higher Years:

1. GGR240H1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1

2. 4.5 courses from last option list in Specialist program above

Physical and Environmental Geography (Science program)

Specialist program:

(12 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.5

First Year:

1. One course from Group A (GGR100Y1 strongly recommended)

2. MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/PHY110Y1/PHY138Y1/PHY140Y1

3. One course from: BIO150Y1/CHM 137Y1/(CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1

Higher Years:

4. Three of: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1

5. GGR270H1, GGR272H1, GGR390H1

6. GGR491Y1/two of GGR403H1, GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR498H1

7. One additional half-course from Group B

8. 4.5 courses from: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1, GGR301H1, GGR302H1, GGR303H1, GGR305H1, GGR307H1, GGR310H1, GGR314H1, GGR330H1, GGR333H1, GGR337H1, GGR391H1, GGR403H1, GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR421H1, GGR490H1, GGR498H1/ENV236Y1. Of the 4.5 courses, additional options include up to 1.0 courses from Group B.

Major program:

(7.5 full courses or their equivalent)

Note

The general Geography major program is excluded from the arrangement whereby students in a four-year degree may take two major programs sponsored by the Department of Geography

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.0 or 67% in 1.0 GGR FCE at the 100 or 200 level

First Year:

1. One course from Group A (GGR100Y1 strongly recommended)

2. One course from: BIO150Y1/CHM 137Y1/(CHM138H1, CHM139H1)/CHM151Y1/MAT135Y1/MAT137Y1/PHY110Y1/ PHY138Y1/ PHY140Y1

Higher Years:

1. Three of: GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1

2. GGR270H1, GGR390H1

3. 3.0 courses from last option list in Specialist program above

Minor Program:

(4 full courses or their equivalent)

1. One course from Group A (GGR100Y1 strongly recommended)

2. One full course or equivalent from: GGR201H1/GGR203H1/GGR205H1/GGR206H1

3. GGR390H1; (GGR301H1/GGR302H1/GGR305H1); (GGR272H1/GGR307H1/GGR310H1)

4. A half-course from Group C

Urban, Economic and Social Geography (Arts program)

Specialist program:

(10 full courses or their equivalent, including at least one 400-series course)

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.5

First Year:

One course from Group A (GGR124Y1 recommended)

Higher Years:

1. GGR220Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1

2. GGR491Y1/two of GGR431H1, GGR439H1, GGR450H1, GGR452H1, 455H1, GGR459H1, GGR492H1, GGR499H1, GGR457H1, GGR458H1, JFG470H1,

3. One additional half-course from Group B

4. 5.0 courses from: GGR216H1, GGR233Y1/JGE221Y1; GGR246H1, GGR249H1, GGR252H1, GGR254H1, GGR256H1, GGR323H1, GGR324H1, 326H1, GGR327H1, GGR328H1, GGR333H1, GGR334H1, GGR336H1, GGR339H1, GGR342H1, GGR343H1, GGR344H1, GGR350H1, GGR357H1, GGR361H1, GGR362H1, GGR363H1, GGR366H1, GGR368H1, GGR391H1, GGR421H1, GGR431H1, GGR439H1, GGR450H1, GGR452H1, GGR459H1; JFG470H1, JFG475H1; JGI216H1, JGI346H1. Of the 5.0 courses, additional options include up to 1.0 courses from Group B and a second course from Group A.

Major program:

(7 full courses or their equivalent)

Note:

The general Geography major program is excluded from the arrangement whereby students in a four-year degree may take two major programs sponsored by the Department of Geography

Entry Requirement:Students must have a CGPA of 2.0 or 67% in 1.0 GGR FCE at the 100 or 200 level

First Year:

One course from Group A (GGR124Y1 recommended)

Higher Years:

1. GGR220Y1, GGR270H1, GGR271H1

2. 4.0 courses from last option list in Specialist program above

Group A:

GGR100Y1, GGR107Y1, GGR124Y1

Group B:

GGR270H1, GGR271H1, GGR272H1, GGR273H1, GGR337H1, GGR371H1, GGR373H1, GGR390H1, GGR391H1, GGR393H1, GGR462H1, GGR473H1, GGR480Y1, GGR490H1; JFG470H1, JFG475H1

Group C:

ENV236Y1; GGR201H1, GGR203H1, GGR205H1, GGR206H1, GGR301H1, GGR302H1, GGR303H1, GGR305H1, GGR307H1, GGR310H1, GGR314H1, GGR333H1 402H1, GGR403H1, 404H1, GGR409H1, GGR413H1, GGR490H1